Evidence of Evolution Quiz

Question 1.

In the diagram we can see that originally in 55 million years ago the Mesonychid wandered the Earth. It lived on land with four legs and paws to search and scavenge the land for its food. Around 52 million years ago we start to notice the Mesonychid develop into the Ambulocetus. The Ambulocetus has developed webbed hands and feet for swimming faster and diving into water. It also has a much more aquatic body structure with the development of a tail. Around 46 million years ago the Ambulocetus began to evolve into the Rodhocetus. The Rodhocetus developed much more fin like front limbs and two flattened flukes for a tail. It also had a slight increase in size. Around 42 million years ago the Rodhocetus began to evolve into the Basilosaurus. The Basilosaurus most noticeably had a large increase in its length. It also evolved to become a better and faster swimmer with an aquatic designed body.

Question 2.

E

Question 3.

All of the three organisms most noticeably have wings in order to fly. The bat has finger bones in order to design its wings; birds have one single limb to define each of its wings; and dragonflies with a very analogous structure have no bones. Bats and birds share homologous structures to a common ancestor, but the dragonfly has an analogous structure to birds and bats.

Question 4.

DNA comparisons of organisms can show more realistically how related two organisms are by comparing the similarities in their cytochrome C and their amino acids. An example of this is comparing humans to other primates. A human has 0 differences in their cytochrome C and amino acids from chimpanzees, but they have 1 difference in their amino acid from Rhesus monkeys.

Question 5.

Homology is the gradual "tweeking" of the bone structure between organisms and their common ancestors because of their need to adapt. An example is the homologous structure between humans and orangutans in their forearms. The orangutan developed longer forearms and longer fingers to enable them to be able to swing from trees, but the human developed shorter forearms and fingers as the began to walk rather than swing from trees.

Class 09/06

Today in class we took a look at how diffusion works within a cell. We used gel cells to see how different substance travel through cells. My group used three cups of Potassium Iodine and three different sized cells. We placed the different sized cells into the cups of Potassium Iodine and let them sit for a while. When we pulled the cells out we cut them and examined how deep the Potassium Iodine traveled through. We measured the length of how far the KI was able to travel through the cells. The larger the cells were, the shorter the KI was able to diffuse through the cell membrane.

Class 09/03

Today in class we did an experiment in which we tested to see the strength of the osmosis between six  different substances. We used six different unknown substances differentiated only by different colored food coloring. We put 7 ml of each substance into six different cells, massed them, and placed each cell in their own cup of water. We waited some time to allow the osmosis to take place, and after a while we took out the different cells and re-massed them. Each cell gained different amounts of mass and through this we could tell which substances contained more solute by the amount of osmosis that took place between the cells and the water. In ranking of most solute the solutions went: red, purple, yellow, green, clear, blue. We learned how in osmosis water is able to travel into and out of semipermeable cells.

Class 08/23

Class One:

Today in class we tested the experiment we watched for homework. My group consisting of Adam and I tested the variable of different liquids. We used the same procedure for 2% milk, skim milk, whole milk, and orange juice and came to the conclusion that different liquids change the strength of the reaction. We determined that the more fat the milk contained the larger the reaction was, and also that orange juice barely had a reaction. We did the reaction twice with all of the liquids to make sure our data was accurate, and duplicating our experiment once again proved our conclusion correct.